One of six paintings of subjects from Polish history commissioned for the Knights’ Hall at the Royal Castle in Warsaw. In the catalogues of the Stanisław August collection this painting is unnumbered; the 1795 catalogue lists it as: “La déliverance de Vienne par Jean Sobieski". The Battle of Vienna ended on 12 September 1683 in the victory of the armies of the Holy Roman Empire, Polish and German princes allied under the command of the Polish King Jan III Sobieski. The army of the Ottoman Empire was commanded by the Grand Vizier, Kara Mustafa.